MINORITY CULTURES
Minority groups are groups that have distinctive cultural, ethnic, or racial backgrounds. They coexist with a dominant group but are subordinate to it. Their defining characteristic is not necessarily their small numbers, as demonstrated by the apartheid system in South Africa, but rather their subordinate status. Membership in minority groups can also be based on language, religion, sexual orientation, or even certain physical characteristics.
When a minority group is socially separated or segregated, they are often unable to fully participate in society and receive the same benefits as the dominant group. This unfair treatment can lead to a sense of shared experiences and a higher level of solidarity within the minority group.
Sometimes, minority cultures can be understood as subcultures. It is a term used to define the culture of those minority groups in society with beliefs and behaviours different from those of the dominant culture. Subcultures develop their own norms and values regarding cultural, political, and sexual matters.
Models of integration of the minority culture with the majority include assimilation (based on the demand for a change in the way of life and values as part of the integration with the majority culture); homogenisation of a heterogeneous society (so-called ‘melting pot’), in which different elements ‘merge’ into a whole with a common culture; and cultural pluralism (so-called ‘salad bowl’), where all cultures are valued equally.
Societies often face challenges regarding the recognition, respect, and protection of minority cultures. Contemporary social institutions and international organisations attempt to promote an inclusive society that values and supports diverse cultural expressions and ensures equal access to resources and opportunities for all. This may include supporting language rights, protecting cultural heritage, empowering minority communities, and promoting intercultural dialogue. (DG)